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U5 · Grammar 预习笔记(背默版 · 20 条)

教材:译林版(2024) 8A U5《Wild animals》· Grammar(P50 左右)
本课定位:U5 语法课——动词不定式 to do 的四种用法。中考单选、适当形式填空、汉译英全都考它,尤其是"感官/使役动词后省 to、被动还原 to"这条必考规则。
预测确定性:✅ 教材已确认 | 条数:20 条
⏱ 20 分钟:保底 8 条 5′ → 句子精读 3′ → 进阶 6 条 4′ → 冲 A 6 条 3′ → 必背句 + 快测 5′;做不动就停在保底组。


一、核心词组 · 保底 8 条(中文 → 英文)

看中文说英文,说不出的看右侧英文,再遮住中文重来一遍。

笔记#中文英文红笔标注 / 考点
1充满活力full of energybe full of = be filled with
2爬过墙climb over the wallclimb over 翻越
3偶尔,它能设法爬上去。Once in a while, it manages to climb up.manage to do;once in a while 偶尔
4为了保持安全in order to stay safein order to + 原形(目的状语)
5保护野生动物对我们很重要。It is important for us to protect wild animals.It is + adj + for sb + to do
6吴老师让我们穿舒适的鞋。Mr Wu told us to wear a pair of comfortable shoes.tell sb to do(不定式作宾补)
7我们必须采取行动拯救它们。We must take action to save them.to do 作目的状语
8它不想四处活动。She does not want to move around.want to do

二、归类记忆 · 两条线

2.1 不定式四条路

路线作用本课例句
A. 作宾语跟在动词后面want to do(想要做)| decide to do(决定做)| plan to do(计划做)| manage to do(设法做成)
B. 作目的状语表示"为了……"in order to stay safe(为了保持安全)| take action to save them(为了拯救它们)
C. 作宾补补充说明宾语tell sb to do(叫某人做)| ask sb to do(请某人做)
D. 作定语修饰前面的名词nowhere to live(无处可住)| a lot of work to do

2.2 省 to 的三类(中考必考)

类别动词例句
感官动词see / hear / watchI saw him cross the road.(看见全过程)
使役动词let / make / haveLet me help you. | The joke made us laugh.
被动要还原 tobe made to doHe was made to do it again.(被动必须加回 to)

📖 三、句子精读(教材书例句 · 抓从句)

句子才是学英语的核心:先读出主干(谁 + 做什么),再找从句在修饰谁。每句读 3 遍。

#教材书例句中文从句 / 考点拆解
1It is important for us to protect wild animals.保护野生动物对我们来说很重要。it 形式主语 + for sb to do(for 引出动作的执行者);protect v. 保护
2Scientists are working hard to help pandas have more babies.科学家们正在努力帮助熊猫繁育更多幼崽。不定式作目的状语;help sb (to) do(to 可省);现在进行时 are working
3We must take action to save them.我们必须采取行动来拯救它们。情态动词 must + 动词原形;take action to do;save v. 拯救、节省

四、进阶 6 条

这 6 条重点看「红笔标注」,知道考什么比背下来更重要。

笔记#中文英文红笔标注 / 考点
9我无处可住。I have nowhere to live.不定式作定语修饰 nowhere
10我们很难生存。It is hard for us to live.It is + adj + for sb + to do
11科学家们正努力帮助熊猫多生宝宝。Scientists are working hard to help pandas have more babies.work hard to do
12设法做成某事manage to do sthmanage + to do(成功做到)
13决定做某事decide to do sthdecide + to do(不接 doing)
14计划做某事plan to do sthplan + to do

五、冲 A 6 条

学有余力再攻。16–19 条是"省 to / 还原 to"的必考四式。

笔记#中文英文红笔标注 / 考点
15请某人做某事ask sb to do sthask sb + to do
16看见某人做某事(全过程)see sb do sth感官动词后省 to
17让某人做某事let sb do sth使役动词后省 to
18使某人做某事make sb do sthmake sb + do(主动省 to)
19被迫做某事be made to do sth被动语态需还原 to
20疑问词 + to dowhat to do / how to do it疑问词 + 不定式

六、句型全家桶(本课句型对号入座)

句型结构例句
对某人来说做……是……的It is + adj + for sb + to doIt is important for us to protect wild animals.
叫/请某人做tell / ask sb to doMr Wu told us to wear comfortable shoes.
为了做某事in order to doIn order to stay safe, they move at night.
设法做成manage to doIt manages to climb up.
采取行动做take action to doWe must take action to save them.
疑问词 + 不定式wh- + to doI don't know what to do.

七、易错提醒(只记正确写法)

  • 感官动词、使役动词后省 to:see sb do / let sb do / make sb do
  • 变被动后必须还原 to:be made to do(不说 be made do)
  • manage to do=成功做到(≠ try to do 只表努力,未必成功)
  • It is + adj + for sb + to do——for 引出动作执行者(说人品质时用 of:kind of you)
  • help sb (to) do——to 可省可不省,两种都对
  • 疑问词 + to do:what to do(what 作 do 的宾语);how to do it(how 后要带宾语 it)

八、同义句转换(中考句型转换的"等式")

  • in order to do = so as to do = to do
  • I have nowhere to live. = I have no place to live in.
  • It is important for us to protect wild animals. = Protecting wild animals is important for us.
  • manage to do = succeed in doing

📌 本课必背 3 句

  1. It is important for us to protect wild animals.(保护野生动物对我们很重要。)
  2. Mr Wu told us to wear a pair of comfortable shoes.(吴老师让我们穿一双舒适的鞋。)
  3. They have nowhere to live, so we must take action to save them.(它们无处可住,所以我们必须采取行动拯救它们。)

🎤 学完就能用的一句话

I want to learn more about wild animals.(我想更多地了解野生动物。)

🎯 快测 5 题(汉译英 · 答案就在上面)

把下面的中文翻成英文;不会的翻回去找,找到后读 2 遍(对 3 题就合格):

  1. 充满活力  2. 保护野生动物对我们很重要。  3. 我无处可住。  4. 决定做某事  5. 让某人做某事

答案:第 1、5、9、13、17 条

🔜 下一次预习:U5 · Integration


📖 预习用:本单元语法(动词不定式)已核对,可放心提前学。