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U4 笔记整理 · 10-22(Welcome:Hands-on fun · 动手实践的乐趣)

来源:老师课堂背默笔记(10-22 周四,共 14 组条目,U4 开单元第一课)
锚定日 D0 = 10/22(D1 = 10/23 · D2 = 10/24 · D4 = 10/26 · D7 = 10/29 · D15 = 11/6 · D30 = 11/21)
本课定位:U4《Hands-on fun》开局——"自己动手做"的话题词块 + 手工动作动词 + 否定前缀构词法。这一课的动词(fold / cut out / tape / glue / paint / put together)是后面 Reading、Task 的地基,也是中考"活动介绍 / 制作过程"类作文的动作词库;后半段的否定前缀四条路则直接接上 10/16 的词缀课。
⚠️ 单元切换:老师跳过 U3 Task,直接进入 U4。U3 六课(Welcome / Reading / Grammar / Word power / Integration ×2)已全部上完,素材 18 句;U3 Task 是否补上以课堂为准。
对照:预测 预测_06_U4_Welcome.md 高度命中——手工动作词块(折 / 剪 / 粘 / 拼 / 涂)全部对上;多出一个"否定前缀"块(预测把它放在 Grammar 里,老师提前到 Welcome 讲)。


一、笔记原文逐条对照(14 组)

笔记#中文英文原文红笔标注 / 考点
1没有比我们的双手更好的工具。There is no better tool than our hands.红笔划 better tool / than our hands;no + 比较级 + than = 最高级
2不同类型的 DIY 活动different kinds of DIY activities红笔改拼写 diferent → different;different kinds of + 复数
3享受我们自己制作东西的乐趣enjoy making things by ourselves红笔划 making;enjoy + V-ing;by oneself 靠自己
4在年轻人中受欢迎be popular among young people红笔改拼写 amoung → among;among 用于三者及以上
5制作月饼 / 灯笼make mooncakes / lanterns可数名词泛指用复数
6粉刷墙壁paint a wallpaint v. 粉刷;也可作 n. 油漆 / 颜料
7组装架子(复数)put together a shelf (shelves)红笔划 put together;红笔标复数 shelves(f → ves)
8做一些纸玫瑰make some paper rosespaper 作定语用单数(paper roses,❌ papers roses)
9一些彩纸、胶带或者胶水以及一把剪刀some coloured paper, tape or glue and a pair of scissors红笔标 coloured(英式 -our);tape or glue(胶带或胶水);a pair of scissors 一把剪刀
10像这样折纸fold the paper like this红笔划 fold;like this 像这样(介词短语放句末)
11剪出花的形状cut out the flower shapes红笔划 cut out;shape 可数 → shapes
12用胶带或胶水把这些碎片粘在一起tape or glue the pieces together红笔划 together;tape / glue 作动词"用胶带(胶水)粘"
12b变形out of shape红笔补充;反义短语,与 in the shape of 配对记
12c呈……形状in the shape of红笔补充;后接名词:in the shape of a heart
13① 完成、结束;全部的(adj.)complete → 反 incomplete → 副 completely三条词族一条线
13b② 完成(v.)complete = finish doing sth.⚠️ finish / complete 后接 V-ing,不接 to do
14否定前缀四条路见 §三 · 考点一in- / im- / un- / dis-(老师提前讲,原预测放在 Grammar)

14 条否定前缀原表(老师手写,逐字照抄)

前缀例词规律
in-inexpensive, inactive, incorrect, incomplete最常用,一般形容词前
im-impolite, impossible, impatient, imperfect加在 p / b / m 开头的词前(发音同化)
un-unsure, unusual, uncertain, unable最自由的否定前缀
dis-dishonest数量最少,多含"相反、除去"意味

二、高频词精讲

单词词性中文常考搭配最佳例句
⭐ hands-onadj.动手的;实践的hands-on fun;hands-on experienceWe get hands-on fun from DIY.
⭐ tooln.工具no better tool than;a useful toolThere is no better tool than our hands.
⭐ differentadj.不同的different kinds of + 复数;be different fromThere are different kinds of DIY activities.
⭐ popularadj.受欢迎的be popular among + 复数人群;be popular with sbDIY is popular among young people.
⭐ amongprep.在……之中(≥3)among young people;对比 between(两者)Paper roses are popular among girls.
⭐ paintv./n.粉刷;油漆paint a wall;paint the door whiteHe is painting a wall now.
⭐ shelfn.架子put together a shelf;复数 shelvesI put together two shelves yesterday.
⭐ scissorsn.剪刀(恒复数)a pair of scissors;谓语看 pairA pair of scissors is on the desk.
⭐ foldv.折叠fold the paper;fold … in halfFold the paper like this.
⭐ shapen.形状in the shape of;out of shapeThe cake is in the shape of a heart.
⭐ gluen./v.胶水;用胶水粘tape or glue … togetherGlue the pieces together.
⭐ completeadj./v.全部的;完成complete = finish doing;completely;incompleteIt took me an hour to complete the shelf.

三、考点深挖 ① · 三组核心考点

3.1 "no + 比较级 + than" = 最高级(本课头号句型)

结构例句
no + 比较级 + thanThere is no better tool than our hands.
意思没有比我们的双手更好的工具 = 我们的双手是最好的工具
同义改写Our hands are the best tool.(改成最高级)
同族句型比较级 + than any other + 单数名词:Our hands are better than any other tool.

⚠️ 两句转换时别丢 no:There is no better tool than… 去掉 no 意思就反了。

3.2 否定前缀四条路(本课最大"送分题")

前缀用在哪些词前本课例词已学回扣
in-一般形容词incorrect, incomplete, inexpensive, inactiveincorrect(U3 · 10-20 correct 词族)
im-p / b / m 开头impossible, impolite, impatient, imperfectimpossible(U3 · 10-20 as often as possible 红笔补)
un-最自由unsure, unusual, uncertain, unableunusual(U1 已见)
dis-多表"相反"dishonest(≠ honest)—
  • 记忆口诀:"in 通用,im 遇 p / b / m,un 随便用,dis 少见"。
  • 中考题型:用所给词的适当形式填空(考反义词)——看见括号内给 honest / possible / correct,先看句意是否要"反着说"。
  • ⚠️ 前缀只改意思不改词性:correct(adj. 正确的)→ incorrect(adj. 不正确的)。

3.3 complete 词族 + finish doing(一条"动词陷阱")

complete  adj. 全部的;完成的  →  反义 incomplete(in- 否定)
          adv. completely(完全地)
          v.  完成 = finish doing sth.  ⚠️ 后接 V-ing,不接 to do
考法例句
adj. 全部的the complete works of Lu Xun(全集)
v. 完成It took me an hour to complete the shelf.
= finish doingI finished making the rose. = I completed the rose.
adv. 完全地I completely forgot it.(修饰动词)

⚠️ 高频错:❌ finish to do / ❌ complete to do。正:finish / complete + doing(作"完成"讲时 complete 可直接接名词:complete the work)。


四、考点深挖 ② · 易混辨析 + "做手工"动作词块网

4.1 易混辨析

易混一句话讲解正面例句
among vs betweenamong 用于三者及以上;between 用于两者之间DIY is popular among young people. / Sit between Tom and me.
a pair of scissors vs scissorsscissors 恒复数;"一把剪刀"要说 a pair of scissors,谓语看 pair(单数用 is)A pair of scissors is enough.
paper roses vs papers roses名词作定语用单数(paper / flower / shoe shop)paper roses;flower shapes
in the shape of vs out of shapein the shape of="呈……形状"(后接名词);out of shape="变形了 / 走样"a cake in the shape of a heart / The box is out of shape.
by ourselves vs for ourselvesby oneself="靠自己、独自";for oneself="为自己"We made it by ourselves. / We made it for ourselves.
complete vs finish都表"完成",finish 后只接 doing;complete 更正式,可接名词finish making it = complete it
different(拼写)容易写成 diferent;中间是 ff + e + rentdifferent kinds of DIY activities

4.2 "做手工"动作词块网(按制作顺序归堆,作文直接按顺序取用)

环节词块
准备篇some coloured paper, tape or glue and a pair of scissors | different kinds of DIY activities
动作篇fold the paper like this | cut out the flower shapes | tape or glue the pieces together | put together a shelf | paint a wall | make mooncakes / lanterns / paper roses
形状篇in the shape of a heart | out of shape
完成篇complete = finish doing | It took me about an hour to complete it
感受篇enjoy making things by ourselves | be popular among young people | There is no better tool than our hands.

4.3 必背搭配(会随人称 / 单复数变化的加粗)

搭配中文考点提示
There is no better … than …没有比……更……的= 最高级
different kinds of + 复数不同种类的……kinds 与名词都复数
enjoy doing享受做某事后接 V-ing(❌ enjoy to do)
by oneself靠自己;独自反身代词与主语一致
be popular among + 复数在……中受欢迎among ≥ 三者
put together组装;拼装动副短语,代词放中间:put it together
cut out剪下;剪出同上:cut them out
a pair of scissors一把剪刀谓语看 pair
in the shape of呈……形状后接名词
finish / complete doing完成做某事后接 V-ing

五、教材联动(本课考点在已学课文里早就露过脸)

已学句子出处(旧笔记 / 素材)本课考点
correct adj. → incorrectU3 · 10-20 笔记 句 26(词族小族谱)in- 否定前缀(今天第 14 条①,直接对上)
as often as possible → 红笔 impossibleU3 · 10-20 笔记 句 23im- 否定前缀(今天第 14 条②,p 前用 im-)
Practice makes perfect → imperfectU3 · 10-20 笔记 句 29im- 前缀再巩固
词缀全家桶 -ist / -er / -or(表人)U3 · 10-16 Word power 笔记后缀 + 今天的前缀 = 构词法完整体系
finish doing sthU2 · 9-21 笔记 句 9今天第 13 条 complete = finish doing sth
have many happy moments togetherU2 · 9-21 笔记 句 24今天第 12 条 tape or glue the pieces together
I am not afraid of speaking English any more.U3 · 10-20 笔记 句 33写作收尾句,可接"我不再害怕做手工了"
be different fromU2 · 9-21 笔记 句 1今天 different kinds of 同源词(different 拼写是红笔纠错点)

为什么要回头连旧课文:否定前缀不是新知识——10/16 词缀课讲了后缀,10/20 又碰上 incorrect / impossible 两个现成例子,老师今天只是把散落的三处归成四条路。复习时把这三处连起来看,构词法就闭环了。


六、必背句 8 句(分层:基础 5 + 冲 A 3)

基础(笔记原句,默写级)

  1. There is no better tool than our hands.(没有比我们的双手更好的工具。)
  2. There are different kinds of DIY activities.(有不同种类的 DIY 活动。)
  3. We enjoy making things by ourselves.(我们享受自己动手做东西的乐趣。)
  4. Paper roses are popular among young people.(纸玫瑰在年轻人中很受欢迎。)
  5. Cut out the flower shapes and tape or glue the pieces together.(剪出花的形状,然后用胶带或胶水把碎片粘在一起。)

冲 A(按本课考点自组的中考式升级句)

  1. DIY is popular among young people because we enjoy making things by ourselves — there is no better tool than our hands.(DIY 在年轻人中受欢迎,因为我们享受自己动手的乐趣——没有比双手更好的工具。)—— because 状语从句 + 破折号补充 + 最高级句型
  2. First, fold the paper like this. Then, cut out the flower shapes. Finally, tape or glue the pieces together, and a rose in the shape of a heart is ready.(先这样折纸,再剪出花的形状,最后把碎片粘起来,一朵心形的玫瑰就做好了。)—— 顺序连接词 + in the shape of
  3. It took me about an hour to complete the shelf, but I put it together all by myself.(我花了大约一小时完成这个架子,但完全是我自己组装的。)—— It takes sb time to do + put together + by myself

七、中考考法速查(3 类题型)

题型考什么解题抓手
单项选择among vs between;a pair of scissors 谓语;enjoy doing;finish/complete doing看见"在……中受欢迎(一群人)"→ among;看见 pair → 谓语随 pair;enjoy / finish 后一律 V-ing
用所给词适当形式填空否定前缀(correct→incorrect、possible→impossible、honest→dishonest);complete 词族(completely / incomplete)先看句意要不要反着说,再选前缀:p/b/m 前用 im-,其余常用 in-
汉译英 / 同义句转换no + 比较级 + than ↔ 最高级;There is no better tool than our hands. ↔ Our hands are the best tool.转换时别丢 no,也别忘 the(最高级前)

八、抗遗忘复习锚点(U4 Welcome · D0 = 10/22)

节点日期复习重点(从本篇直接取)
D010/22§一 14 组全表 + §二 高频词精讲
D110/23§3.1 no + 比较级 + than = 最高级 + §六 基础句 1、3
D210/24§3.2 否定前缀四条路(in-/im-/un-/dis-)
D410/26§4.1 易混辨析 + §4.2 做手工动作词块网
D710/29§3.3 complete 词族 + §六 必背句 8 句默写
D15 / D3011/6 / 11/21长线回滚:§一 14 组 + 冲 A 3 句

💡 本课是话题开局课:复习以动作词块听写 + 前缀构词为主(按 §4.2 的"准备—动作—形状—完成—感受"五步走一遍,就是一篇《我做手工》的流程作文)。U2 谢幕(9/21 D30)已在 10/22 任务里补滚完成。