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U1 笔记整理 · 09-10（Integration 1：see sb doing / lie 三义 / borrow-lend）
来源：老师课堂背默笔记（9/10 · U1 Integration 1，编号 1-18）
锚定日 D0 = 09-10：D1 = 09-11、D2 = 09-12、D4 = 09-14、D7 = 09-17、D15 = 09-25、D30 = 10/10
本课定位：U1 综合技能第一课时（"危险中的朋友"故事）。本课集中考 see sb doing、be scared of/to 三结构、fail to do、lie 三义、borrow vs lend、one…the other / another——全是中考动词搭配 + 词义辨析的高频点；其中 see sb doing 是"非谓语动词"的入门，为 U5 不定式、U8 过去进行时打底。
对照：本课早于"预习预测"体系建立，无对应预测。
一、笔记原文逐条对照（18 条）
| 笔记# | 中文 | 英文原文 | 红笔标注 / 考点 |
|---|
| 1 | 看见某人 / 某物正在做某事 | see sb / sth doing sth | 红笔：doing 表动作正在进行；see sb do 表看见全过程 |
| 2 | 害怕 / 恐惧做某事 | be scared of doing sth | 红笔：of 是介词，后接 -ing |
| 3 | 不敢做某事 | be scared to do sth | 红笔：to 是不定式，后接原形 |
| 4 | （两者中）一个…，另一个… | one…, the other… | 红笔：仅用于两者 |
| 5 | （三者及以上）一个…，另一个… | one…, another… | 用于三者及以上 |
| 6 | 未能做成某事 | fail to do sth | 红笔：fail 后接 to do，不接 doing |
| 7 | 对抗；抵制 | fight against | against 表"反对、对抗" |
| 8 | 为…而战 | fight for | for 表目的 / 对象 |
| 9 | 和…并肩作战；和…打架 | fight with | 语境决定褒贬 |
| 10 | 躺倒在地上 | lie down on the ground | 红笔：lie（躺）过去式 lay |
| 11 | 别打扰某人；让某人独处 | leave sb alone | leave 表"让…处于某状态" |
| 12 | 靠近 | come close to | close 此处是副词 |
| 13 | 和某人密切合作 | work closely with | 红笔：closely 是副词，修饰 work |
| 14 | 在危险时刻 | in times of danger | 红笔：time 用复数，固定搭配 |
| 15 | 朝某人微笑 | smile at sb | 用 at 表方向 |
| 16 | 嘲笑某人 | laugh at sb | 红笔：贬义，常考"不要嘲笑" |
| 17 | 和某人和睦相处 | get along / on (well) with sb | along / on 都对；well 可换 better |
| 18 | 做一个好的倾听者 / 时不时地点头 | be a good listener / nod from time to time | nod 过去式 nodded（双写 d） |
二、高频词精讲（每词带考法）
| 单词 | 词性 | 中文 | 常考搭配 | 最佳例句 |
|---|
| ⭐ scared | adj. | 害怕的 | be scared of doing；be scared to do | He is scared of bears, so he ran away quickly.（他害怕熊，所以飞快跑开。） |
| ⭐ fight | v. / n. | 搏斗；斗争 | fight for；fight against；fight with | Two men fought bravely against the fire.（两人勇敢地与火灾搏斗。） |
| ⭐ danger | n. | 危险 | in danger；out of danger；in times of danger | The little dog was in danger, but the brave boy saved it.（小狗处境危险，但勇敢的男孩救了它。） |
| ⭐ dangerous | adj. | 危险的 | a dangerous animal / situation | Bears can be very dangerous when they are hungry.（熊饿的时候会很危险。） |
| ⭐ brave | adj. | 勇敢的 | a brave boy / act | It was brave of him to fight against the bad man.（他与坏人斗争，真勇敢。） |
| ⭐ attack | v. / n. | 攻击；袭击 | attack sb / sth；make an attack on | The bear wanted to attack them.（熊想攻击他们。） |
| ⭐ introduce | v. | 介绍 | introduce…to sb | Please introduce yourself to the class.（请向全班介绍你自己。） |
| ⭐ borrow | v. | 借入 | borrow…from sb | I want to borrow a book from the library.（我想从图书馆借一本书。） |
| ⭐ lend | v. | 借出 | lend…to sb | Could you lend your pen to me?（你能把笔借给我吗？） |
| notice | v. / n. | 注意到；通知 | notice and care about；take notice of | A good friend notices and cares about your feelings.（好朋友会注意并关心你的感受。） |
三、考点深挖 ① · see sb doing + be scared 三结构 + fail to do
3.1 see sb doing vs see sb do（本课头号考点）
| 结构 | 含义 | 例句 |
|---|
| see sb doing sth | 看见某人正在做（动作片段 / 进行） | I saw a bear coming towards them.（我看见一只熊正朝他们过来。） |
| see sb do sth | 看见某人做（全过程 / 经常） | I saw him cross the road.（我看见他过了马路。） |
⚠️ doing / do 都不是谓语，真正的谓语是 see。
同类动词（考法一致）：watch / hear / notice / feel sb doing（正在）/ do（全过程）。
3.2 be scared 的三种结构（红笔）
| 结构 | 后接 | 例句 |
|---|
| be scared of | 名词 / 代词 / 动名词 | He is scared of dogs. / He is scared of climbing the tall tree. |
| be scared to do | 动词原形 | She was scared to speak in front of others. |
| be scared that | 从句 | He was scared that the bear would attack him. |
⚠️ scared（人感到害怕）vs scary（事物令人害怕）：The boy is scared. / The film is scary.
3.3 fail to do sth（不定式）
- fail + to do = 没能做成某事 → He failed to finish the work on time.
- 反义：succeed in doing sth（成功做成）——注意 fail 接 to do，succeed 接 doing。
- ⚠️ on time（准时）vs in time（及时），不要混用。
3.4 句型全家桶
| 句型 | 结构 | 本课例句 |
|---|
| 结果状语 | so + adj./adv. + that + 结果 | The bear was so dangerous that everyone felt scared. |
| 目的状语 | in order to do | He lay down on the ground in order to stay safe. |
| 定语从句 | 先行词 + who / that + 从句 | He is a friend who will fight against danger with you. |
| 宾语从句 | 主句 + that + 陈述句 | I think (that) he is scared of the bear. |
四、考点深挖 ② · lie 三义 + borrow/lend + one…the other / another + 词性转换
4.1 lie 三义一张表（必背）
| 含义 | 原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 例句 |
|---|
| 躺 | lie | lay | lain | The man lay down on the ground. |
| 说谎 | lie | lied | lied | He lied to me. |
| 放 / 下蛋 | lay | laid | laid | The hen laid an egg yesterday. |
⚠️ 躺的过去式是 lay（不是 laid）；laid 是"放"的过去式。这是中考单选题的老陷阱。
4.2 borrow vs lend（方向相反）
| 动词 | 含义 | 搭配 | 例句 |
|---|
| borrow | 借入（从别人那拿来） | borrow…from | I borrowed a storybook from Tom. |
| lend | 借出（给别人） | lend…to | Tom lent a storybook to me. |
4.3 one…the other / one…another
| 结构 | 适用总数 | 例句 |
|---|
| one…, the other… | 两者（总数 = 2） | I have two pens. One is red, the other is blue. |
| one…, another… | 三者及以上（总数 ≥ 3） | One student answered, another raised his hand. |
4.4 词性转换一条龙
| 词根 | 词族 |
|---|
| die | die（v.）→ dead（adj.）→ dying（adj. 垂死的）→ died（过去式）→ death（n.） |
| danger | danger（n.）→ dangerous（adj.）→ in danger / out of danger |
| brave | brave（adj.）→ bravely（adv.） |
| close / closely | close（adv. 空间上近地）→ closely（adv. 抽象地密切） |
例句：The poor animal died. It has been dead for two hours. Its death made us sad.
五、教材联动（本课考点在已学课文里早就露过脸）
| 已学句子 | 出处 | 本课考点 |
|---|
| He is a friend who always helps me. | 第一周 09-09 | 定语从句 who——本课 who will fight against danger with you 同构 |
| care → careful / careless | 第一周 09-09 | 词性转换——本课 die→dead→death / danger→dangerous 同体系 |
| It was thoughtful of you to do sth. | 第一周 09-09 | It is + adj. + of sb 句型——与本课 It was brave of him 同构 |
为什么 Integration 课要回头连旧课文：本课表面是"危险中的朋友"故事，实则把第一周的定语从句 who、词性转换、It is adj. of sb 全部搬进新课文复现。复习时把这三句和 §3.4、§4.4 对照读，语法线就串起来了。
六、必背句 6 句（分层：基础 3 + 冲 A 3）
基础（笔记原句，默写级）
- I saw a bear coming towards them.（我看见一只熊朝他们过来。）
- Good friends notice and care about your feelings.（好朋友会注意并关心你的感受。）
- In times of danger, he lay down on the ground and stayed calm.（在危险时刻，他躺在地上保持冷静。）
冲 A（中考式升级句，作文直接用）
- A true friend is brave enough to fight against danger with you.（真正的朋友足够勇敢，会和你一起对抗危险。）—— be + adj. + enough to do
- I was so scared that I failed to say a word, but my friend came close to me.（我吓得一句话也说不出，但我的朋友靠近了我。）—— so…that + fail to do
- She is a good listener who always smiles at you and nods from time to time.（她是一个好的倾听者，总对你微笑并不时点头。）—— 定语从句 + 两个并列动作
七、中考考法速查（3 类题型）
| 题型 | 考什么 | 解题抓手 |
|---|
| 单项选择 | ① see sb doing / do ② lie 过去式 lay ③ borrow from vs lend to | 看见"正在"用 doing，看见"全过程"用 do；看见"借入"用 borrow from |
| 句型转换 / 同义句 | I borrowed a book from Tom = Tom lent a book to me；fail to do = not manage to do | 借入↔借出互换，注意介词 from / to |
| 短文填空 / 汉译英 | 词性转换（die / dead / death / dying）；be scared of doing | 看见空格在 be 后 → 形容词；看见介词 of 后 → doing |
八、抗遗忘复习锚点（U1 Integration 1 · D0 = 09-10）
| 节点 | 日期 | 复习重点（从本篇直接取） |
|---|
| D0 | 09-10 | §3.1 see sb doing + §3.2 be scared 三结构 + §4.1 lie 三义 + §4.3 one…the other |
| D1 | 09-11 | §一 18 条短语听写（see…coming / fight against / in times of danger / get along with） |
| D2 | 09-12 | §3.3 fail to do + §4.2 borrow vs lend + 汉译英 |
| D4 | 09-14 | §3.4 从句（定语 / 结果 / 目的）+ 必背句 |
| D7 | 09-17 | 综合默写 + 成段运用（编一段"朋友与危险"小短文，5-6 句） |
| D15 | 09-25 | 混合复习：本周高频词 + 短语 + 作文句 |
| D30 | 10/10 | 随机抽测：全部内容过一遍 |
💡 本课是动词搭配 + 词义辨析课：复习以搭配填空（see sb doing / be scared of）和 lie / borrow-lend 辨析题为主；§3.4 从句部分配合成段复述一起练。