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U3 · Grammar 预习笔记(背默版 · 20 条)

教材:译林版(2024) 8A U3《To be a good learner》· Grammar(P40–41)
本课定位:U3 语法课,两大块——副词三级(比较级 / 最高级) + 反身代词。中考单选、适当形式填空、汉译英都绕不开这两块,"三级递进"句型更是 A 档作文的加分句。
预测确定性:✅ 教材已确认 | 条数:20 条
⏱ 20 分钟:保底 8 条 5′ → 句子精读 3′ → 进阶 6 条 4′ → 冲 A 6 条 3′ → 必背句 + 快测 5′;做不动就停在保底组。


一、核心词组 · 保底 8 条(中文 → 英文)

这 8 条是完整的"三级递进"示范——从原级一路比到最高级,背下来就是一套完整句型。

笔记#中文英文红笔标注 / 考点
1总结出规律work out the ruleGrammar 板块原指令;work out = 弄懂、算出
2桑迪一小时读 30 页,读得快。Sandy reads 30 pages in one hour. She reads fast.副词原级修饰动词,放动词之后
3艾米一小时读 35 页,比桑迪读得快。Amy reads 35 pages in one hour. She reads faster than Sandy.比较级 + than(两者比较)
4米莉一小时读 40 页,三人中读得最快。Millie reads 40 pages in one hour. She reads (the) fastest among the three.最高级 + among/of + 范围;副词最高级前 the 可省
5米莉读得比其他两位同学快。Millie reads faster than the other two students.比较级 + the other + 复数=最高级含义
6苏西学得快;比班里任何人都快;所有人中学得最快。Suzy learns fast. She learns faster than any other student in my class. She learns (the) fastest of us all.三级递进;any other + 单数
7丹尼尔思考活跃,比我其他同学都活跃。Daniel thinks actively. He thinks more actively than any of my other classmates.多音节副词:more + 副词
8戴维工作努力,在班里最努力。David works hard. He works (the) hardest in my class.单音节 + er/est;hard 形副同形

二、归类记忆 · 两条线

2.1 副词三级三条路

路线变化规则例词
A. 单音节 / 少数双音节直接 + er / estfast → faster → fastest | hard → harder → hardest
B. 多音节副词(多为 -ly 结尾)more / most + 副词actively → more actively → most actively | carefully → more carefully
C. 不规则变化(必背)单独记well → better → best | badly → worse → worst | far → farther / further → farthest / furthest

2.2 反身代词三用法

用法说明例句
作宾语动作落在自己身上enjoy oneself(玩得开心)| teach oneself sth(自学)| hurt oneself(伤到自己)
作同位语强调"亲自、本人"I painted the room myself.
与主语人称一致主语 they → themselvesThe children enjoyed themselves very much.

📖 三、句子精读(教材书例句 · 抓从句)

句子才是学英语的核心:先读出主干(谁 + 做什么),再找从句在修饰谁。每句读 3 遍。

#教材书例句中文从句 / 考点拆解
1Suzy learns fast. She learns faster than any other student in my class.苏西学得快。她比我班上任何其他同学学得都快。比较状语从句:than 引导;比较时要排除自己 → any other + 单数
2The more you practise, the better you will speak.你练得越多,说得就越好。比较状语从句(特殊结构):The + 比较级…, the + 比较级…(前句条件,后句结果)
3My friend Suzy is interested in art, and she enjoys teaching herself paper-cutting.我朋友苏西对美术感兴趣,她喜欢自学剪纸。并列句:and 连接两分句;enjoy doing;teach oneself sth;be interested in + doing

四、进阶 6 条

这 6 条重点看「红笔标注」,知道考什么比背下来更重要。

笔记#中文英文红笔标注 / 考点
9好、坏、远 的比较级与最高级well → better → best | badly → worse → worst | far → farther/further → farthest/furthest不规则变化(必背)
10他比我跑得稍快一点。He runs a little faster than me.a little / much / far / even 可修饰比较级
11你比我更了解你自己。You know more about yourself than I (do).than 前后动词相同,用助动词代替且可省略
12你练得越多,说得就越好。The more you practise, the better you will speak.the + 比较级, the + 比较级
13风刮得越来越大。The wind is blowing harder and harder.比较级 + and + 比较级=越来越……
14学习时我怎样才能学得开心?How can I enjoy myself when learning?enjoy oneself;when + doing 省略式

五、冲 A 6 条

学有余力再攻。17–20 条是反身代词四大固定搭配,中考单选必考。

笔记#中文英文红笔标注 / 考点
15我朋友苏西喜欢艺术,喜欢自学剪纸。My friend Suzy is interested in art, and she enjoys teaching herself paper-cutting.teach oneself sth;be interested in + doing
16让我们为自己定目标,迈出第一步。So let's set goals for ourselves and take the first step.for + 反身代词
17我自己粉刷了房间。I painted the room myself.反身代词作同位语,表强调
18小心,否则你会伤到自己。Be careful, or you will hurt yourself.祈使句 + or;hurt oneself
19孩子们,随便吃点鱼。Help yourselves to some fish, boys and girls.help oneself to + 食物
20孩子们元宵节玩得非常开心。The children enjoyed themselves very much at the Lantern Festival.反身代词与主语人称、数一致

六、句型全家桶(本课句型对号入座)

句型结构例句
两者比较A + 动词 + 比较级 + than + BShe reads faster than Sandy.
比较级表最高级比较级 + than any other + 单数She learns faster than any other student.
越……越……The + 比较级…, the + 比较级…The more you practise, the better you will speak.
越来越……比较级 + and + 比较级The wind is blowing harder and harder.
范围最高级最高级 + among / of + 范围She reads (the) fastest among the three.
自学某事teach oneself sthShe enjoys teaching herself paper-cutting.

七、易错提醒(只记正确写法)

  • 副词最高级前的 the 常常可以省略:reads (the) fastest
  • 比较时要排除自己:用 any other + 单数(不说 any other students)
  • hard 形副同形(努力地/努力的);hardly 是"几乎不",不是"努力地"
  • more 不能和 -er 连用:不说 more faster
  • 反身代词必须与主语人称、数一致:I→myself,we→ourselves,they→themselves,you(你们)→yourselves
  • help oneself to + 食物=随便吃……(to 是介词)

八、同义句转换(中考句型转换的"等式")

  • She learns faster than any other student in my class. = She learns (the) fastest in my class.
  • Millie reads faster than the other two students. = Millie reads (the) fastest among the three.
  • I painted the room myself. = I painted the room on my own.
  • The more you practise, the better you will speak. = If you practise more, you will speak better.

📌 本课必背 3 句

  1. Millie reads the fastest among the three.(三人中米莉读得最快。)
  2. You know more about yourself than I do.(你比我更了解你自己。)
  3. So let's set goals for ourselves and take the first step.(让我们为自己定目标,迈出第一步。)

🎤 学完就能用的一句话

I read faster than I did last month.(我比上个月读得快了。)

🎯 快测 5 题(汉译英 · 答案就在上面)

把下面的中文翻成英文;不会的翻回去找,找到后读 2 遍(对 3 题就合格):

  1. 总结出规律  2. 米莉一小时读 40 页,三人中读得最快。  3. 丹尼尔思考活跃,比我其他同学都活跃。  4. 你比我更了解你自己。  5. 学习时我怎样才能学得开心?

答案:第 1、4、7、11、14 条

🔜 下一次预习:U3 · Integration


📖 预习用:真实上课后老师笔记若有微调,语法点(副词比较级/最高级 + 反身代词)确认无误,可放心提前学。